The find was the first in the history of science to provide direct evidence of physical activity by humankind's apelike ancestors, changing previously held assumptions about primates. Nearly two decades after finding Homo habilis, in 1979, she discovered a trail of early human footprints at Laetoli, a site in Tanzania. Final Years, Death and LegacyĪfter Louis died in 1972, Mary continued to research and hunt for fossils. Their find also provided evidence that the species were adept in making stone tools-making them the earliest known experts in that field. To quote her: the most important thing I've accomplished, other than building the compiler, is training young people.In 1960, the Leakey team made its next major discovery: fossils of Homo habilis, a species that is believed to be between 1.4 and 2.3 million years old, and to have originated during the Gelasian Pleistocene period. Grace Hopper believed in taking chances and the potential of young people. A few days ago Yale announced that it is renaming Calhoun College after her. The USS Hopper, nicknamed Amazing Grace is on a very short list of US military vessels named after women. Her awards are many including the National Medal of Technology and the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Grace also developed the implementation of standards for testing computer systems and components for early programming languages like COBOL and FORTRAN. She is also known for popularizing the term "computer bug" after she found an actual moth trapped in the Mark II Aiken Relay Calculator and deemed the machine "debugged" after retrieving the insect. A compiler is a computer program that converts code written in a language that programmers can understand to 0s and 1s for the computer to understand. But by 1952, she had an operational compiler, A-0. In 1949, she recommended that a new programming language be developed using entirely English words, but was told very quickly that she couldn't do this because computers didn't understand English. After earning her PhD in mathematics from Yale in 1934, she enlisted in the Navy and graduated first in her class and began working on the Mark I computer. She's often referred to as the Admiral of the Cybersea or "Amazing Grace" for her many computing innovations. Grace Hopper was an American computer scientist and US Navy Rear Admiral.
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